Absenteeism in France is defined as an unjustified absence from work. Since the instillation of the 35 hour work week, the French have developed the reputation for being the European champion of absenteeism since the rate has never stop increasing, up until 2006.
Rate of absenteeism
According to the CNAM, in France, $246 million in sick leave have been paid. In five years, compensated sick days increased by 46 percent. (L'absentéisme en entreprise - Docteur Vincent Bonnio)
The cost estimation for each firm is about: 1 percent of absenteeism cost = 1 percent of the wage bill.
7.2 days are lost in France on 100 days worked. More precisely, the daily allowances represent 16 days per year for employees, against 3.5 days per year for managers.
Generally, 20 percent of the population have already been in a sick leave. Plus, the experts estimate that 20 percent of the sick leaves are not justified. (Gijs Martens- Les chiffres de l'absentéisme dans la fonction publique flamande) Employees working for public function or territorial functions used to be more absent than persons from private: 13.4 percent vs. 5.8 percent. This can be explained by the fact that in the public function job security is more important than in private firms. In fact, it's more difficult to fire or sanction someone in a public organization than in private firm. (Monique Picquot-Michel - 30 decembre 2007 - L'absentéisme en France )
Concerning, the duration, 53 percent of sick leave are for more than 30days. The number of sick leave days are most important for employees who are between 50-54 years old: 26 percent, followed by the 45-49: 24.4 percent and the 40-44: 23.4 percent. "The young people accept more easily the new time hours”. (Monique Picquot-Michel - 30 decembre 2007 - L'absentéisme en France)
From 1997 to 2002, the number of daily allowances for disease increased approximately to 34 percent. (source: CNAM)
However, at the end of 2003, this tendency was reversed and the number of daily allowances fell by 8.5 percent between 2003 and 2005. Although, the cost was still very expensive: 7.4 milliards € /year.
Over the next three years, France, according to the report of the PricewaterhouseCoopers audit, drop 0.9 point, from 5.4 to 4.5 percent in 2006 and the European average rate around 4 percent. The ranking puts France in first place, followed by Germany (4.4 percent), Belgium and the Iberian peninsula (4.1 percent), the United Kingdom (3.9 percent) and Italy (3 percent) (Source: report of the cabinet of audit and PricewaterhouseCoopers council).( Pricewaterhouscoopers - European Human Capital effectiveness - 2007)
In 2007, the French absentee rate would amount to 3.69 percent (either 13.5 days of absence on average per salaries), which suggests that the statistics are improving year over year. But, some experts think the statistics are not relevant and estimate a rate of about 7 percent.
In some surveys, France surpasses Western countries. In the other, it is third after Spain and Italy. The problem is this absenteeism rate is also confirmed in the local balance sheets of the multinationals. For example, Veolia has an absentee rate of 6 percent, but of 8 percent in its French subsidiary companies. (Barometer of the absenteeism in France of Alma Consulting Group - Eco 89 - 10/04/09)
The French ranking is one of the worst in Europe. The main reasons are for 25 percent due to muscle-skeletal problems; for 15 percent related to mental disorders and behaviour; and for 10 percent for the traumatic lesions ones. (Annual report 2003 of the CNAM)
Thus, stress is not the main reason but costs 370 millions of Euros each year only for person absents due to stress. (L'absentéisme en entreprise - Docteur Vincent Bonnio)
Seasonal/Cyclical
According to Medica Europe, 54 percent of unjustified absenteeism is during the day after the week end or a bank holiday. (Medica europe statistiques) Statistics show that 2.5 million employees do not report to work the day after Christmas, claiming to be sick. That cost per person is between 160 and 180€ per day. Some researchers found that the third Monday of January is the day where people are the most absent: First, it used to be a day of conscious about all the bad resolutions taken during the first of January.
Second it used to be a very bad weather, cold and cloudy. Third, it used to be a day where people recall Christmas' debts, and lost motivation. (Video : France 2 - Video - 09/01/09 ) For information, the recent Flu H1N1 are involve until 30 percent of absenteeism in some French cities as Lyon. (Video : La grippe A estimée à 25% d’absentéisme à Lyon)
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